Author: Gustav Bohlin – Public & Science (VA), Sweden

Co-authors:

  • Martin Bergman – Public & Science (VA), Sweden

Open science is about making research more accessible and transparent to both researchers and society in general. It encompasses several potentially transforming aspects such as open access to research publications, open data, open peer review and open source. Other often associated practices seek to involve societal stakeholders through science communication, public engagement or citizen science. For the researcher, involving citizens and other actors at various stages of the research process makes communication more important and complex than before. So far, the transition towards open science has largely been driven from a policy-maker perspective, most notably by the European Commission. However, less is known about the researchers’ own perspective on a transformation that will bring several practical changes to their daily work.

This paper will present results from interviews (n=10) and a survey (n=3,699) conducted in 2019 with researchers at Swedish universities about their understanding/awareness of open science as well as their concerns and hopes. The results show that nearly two-thirds of the researchers have heard of the term. The majority believes that the benefits of open science outweigh the disadvantages, but there is disagreement as to whether the system will make their work easier or more difficult. Several differences in attitudes are found across scientific disciplines and career stage of the researcher. Other topics to be presented include researchers’ awareness of and attitudes toward alternative methods of measuring research impact (altmetrics) and citizen science.

The author has not yet submitted a copy of the full paper.

Presentation type: Insight talk
Theme: Transformation

Author: Gustav Bohlin – Public & Science (VA), Sweden

Co-authors:

  • Martin Bergman – Public & Science (VA), Sweden

Communication between researchers and society is vital for research to have a societal impact. Nowadays, researchers are increasingly expected to engage in communication activities involving non-scientist audiences. Although there have been a large quantity of studies on knowledge, interest and confidence in research among the general public, less is known about the researchers’ own views on communicating their work with the outside world. This paper will present findings from a large-scale survey conducted among 3,699 researchers in Sweden during 2019. The large sample allows comparisons to be made among subgroups based on gender, area of research, age or career stage. The study was a joint venture between the non-profit organisation Public & Science (VA) and five Swedish research funding organisations. Questions in the survey include, for example, perceived barriers and type of support needed to engage in communication activities. Another topic in the survey is the researchers’ awareness of the nature of support they can receive from communication professionals in their organisation. For further insights on this topic, a separate survey with communication officers (n=169) in Sweden was also conducted. Together, the results provide a base for an informed discussion on how to stimulate communication between researchers and society in general.

The author has not yet submitted a copy of the full paper.

Presentation type: Individual paper
Theme: Time

Author: Gustav Bohlin, Linköping University, Sweden

Co-authors: Andreas Göransson, Gunnar Höst, Lena Tibell

Evolution is at the very core of biology, with broad ranging implications. These include societal issues such as microbial resistance to antibiotics and organisms’ adaptations to climate change. Previous research suggests that evolutionary knowledge may aid citizens in making informed decisions. For example, causes for antibiotic resistance, as well as recommended countermeasures, can be derived and justified through the application of evolutionary reasoning. Therefore, citizens’ knowledge of evolution forms a crucial part of scientific literacy as well as public understanding of science. Unfortunately, public understanding of evolutionary mechanisms, such as those underlying antibiotic resistance, is rudimental and associated with many misconceptions. The aim of the present study was to explore how the context of antibiotic resistance can be used to help students and members of the public to understand and apply evolutionary theory. We have developed a digital environment where one can interact with a series of animations that illustrate how antibiotic resistance arises through evolutionary mechanisms. Methodologically, we followed a qualitative approach using focus groups and observations. The main data used for analysis consist of transcripts from discussions and follow-up interviews as well as written responses to both closed and open items. The final analysis will be completed during spring, but preliminary results show that the context of antibiotic resistance facilitates volunteers’ ability to use evolutionary reasoning in several ways. These include compressing spatial and temporal scales, clarifying the role of random factors, as well as providing incentives for learning a subject that is sometimes perceived as being of little importance for contemporary societal issues. Apart from the study results, we will share useful experiences from design choices in animation-based science communication. We see implications in many PCST-related areas where informal learning is considered. These include web-based campaigns, healthcare events and science center exhibits.