Author: Carolina Moreno-Castro – University of Valencia, Spain

Co-authors:

  • Lorena Cano-Orón – University of Valencia, Spain
  • Isabel Mendoza-Poudereux – Unviersity of Valencia, Spain/li>
  • Ana Serra-Perales – University of Valencia, Spain
  • Empar Vengut-Climent – University of Valencia, Spain

Spaniard’s consumption habits have been subjected to a high mutations process since approximately the 80s, coinciding with the increased emergence of great media corporations, advertising agencies, the audio-visual industry, and at this time, social networks. It has been a slow process, but continuous throughout the time, that has managed to modify the Spaniard’s habits (based on a Mediterranean diet) and impact the whole population’s health. The main objectives of this study are to know:

1) What do media and social networks role play in the decision to decline for one food or another?
2) Which channels do citizens to use to look for nutrition information?
3) Which are the favourites sources of information to understand information related-food?

To respond to these questions, at October 2019, ScienceFlows team has launched a questionnaire to 100 Spaniard people, population-representative; i.e. gender, age, academic training, ethnicity, impaired people, and professional career. The survey incorporated variables to know if the choice of a diet by citizen were based by the information popularised on the digital media, social networks, political, moral, religious influences, or intimate experiences from relatives and friends. Then, people from the selected sample sent the questionary to friends and relatives through WhatsApp. Finally, we have received 325 responses. We are working in the analysis of the role played by the digital media or social networks in the social construction on diet and food. This study is part of a big project (ESMODA-ECO-RTI2018-099663-B-I00), funded by the Spanish government and FEDER funds from the European Commission.

Presentation type: Visual presentation
Theme: Transformation

Author: Carolina Moreno-Castro – University of Valencia, Spain

Co-authors:
Tony Calvo Roy – Spanish Association of Science Communication
Pampa Garcí­a Molina – Spanish Association of Science Communication
Belén Laspra – University of Michigan
Pilar Perla Mateo – Heraldo de Aragón Newspaper
Gonzalo Remiro Ródenas – Spanish Association of Science Communication
Natalia Ruí­z Zelmanovitch – Spanish Association of Science Communication

Objective: In order to better understand the profession of science communicator in Spain, the Spanish Association of Science Communication, together with the Association of Journalists of Environmental Information (APIA), the National Association of Health Journalists (ANIS), the Catalan Association of Science Communication (ACCC); and the Galician association DivulgACCIÓN have conducted a survey among all their members.

Methodology: The online study was carried out during the month of May 2017. The questionnaire had 29 questions about the professional activity of science communicators in Spain. The survey was sent to a universe of 1,489 associates, and it was answered by 317 (self-selected sample).

Results: Among the main results of the survey, we can highlight that: more than half of the science communicators (56%) live in two autonomous communities: Catalonia (29%) and Madrid (26.8%). Added to those living in Galicia (19.6%), they represent 75%. Three quarters of all the science communicators in Spain develop their professional activity in these three autonomous regions. When we look at gender division, 55% are men and 45%, women. The average age of all respondents is 44 years. The 46.88%, are men, and 40.57%, women.

In terms of academic training, 29.7% are graduates; 33.4% are postgraduates; and 29.7% are doctors. The 41% of the respondents have studied a degree in mathematics, physics, chemistry or biology; 27%, journalism or communication; and the main areas in which they develop their profession are: journalism (33.60%), digital communication (30.20%) and organization of outreach activities (22.10%).

Conclusions: The profile of the science communicator in Spain is a male in his 40s, living in Barcelona, who has studied a scientific career, and works as a science journalist.

Presentation type: Visual talk
Theme: Stories
Area of interest: Comparing science communication across cultures

Author: Carolina Moreno-Castro – University of Valencia, Spain

Co-authors:
Mavi Corell-Doménech – Florida University
Emilia Lopera-Pareja – Research Unit in Scientific Culture of the CIEMAT

The main objective of this research is to improve the methodological tool for assessing the attitudes and knowledge of university students about CAM.

A pilot study was carried out in which 209 surveys of teacher training students from Florida University (Valencia, Spain), were completed. The questionnaire used is known as the Complementary and Alternative Medicines Health Belief Questionnaire (CHBQ) and was designed and validated by Lie and Boker in 2004. The CHBQ consists of ten closed-ended items based on a Likert scale (1-7). In addition, were included three open-ended questions for a qualitative study. The responses to the closed-ended questions were analysed using the SPSS program and the answers to the open-ended questions were evaluated using the corpus linguistics software T-LAB 9. 1.

According to the results of the CHBQ, the students surveyed are undecided about their beliefs and perceptions of CAM with a slight tendency towards been in favour. They don’t believe that CAM are a threat to public health and they consider that they include ideas and methods that conventional medicines could benefit from. As regards the qualitative results, a large percentage of students said that their knowledge of CAM was by word of mouth: friends (61.2%), family (60.3%) and acquaintances or neighbours (43.1%). The students surveyed have a favourable impression of CAM as ‘natural’ and distrust scientific medicine for using ‘chemical’ drugs with harmful side effects.

This pilot study has gleaned a great deal of information about the attitudes and knowledge of CAM held by teacher training students. It illustrates the usefulness of combining quantitative and qualitative questions for future studies. This instrument is more robust and yields more detailed information.

Presentation type: Individual paper
Theme: Science
Area of interest: Building a theoretical basis for science communication